Twenty-five pianoforte etudes : preparatory to works of the modern school, op. 32

Twenty five studies whose subtitle states their purpose: preparation for the works of the modern school, meaning the Romantic repertoire of Schumann, Chopin and their successors. Study collections of this kind proliferated in the later nineteenth century as teachers recognized that Czerny's exercises, written for an earlier instrument and idiom, no longer prepared a student for the music they would actually be asked to play.